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Date: November 5, 2019
Posted by: CPDMA Team

STJ allows inclusion of individual rural producer debts in judicial recovery

Mesmo as dívidas constituídas antes da inscrição dos produtores na Junta Comercial podem ser incluídas no processo.

O Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ) definiu, nesta terça-feira, que as dívidas constituídas por produtor rural como pessoa física - antes da sua inscrição da Junta Comercial - podem ser incluídas nos processos de recuperação judicial. A Corte decidiu por um placar apertado: três ministros votaram para permitir a inclusão de todas as dívidas no processo e dois foram contrários.

Julgado pela 4a Turma, o caso envolve o Grupo JPupin, de Mato Grosso (Resp no 1800032). As dívidas da empresa somam cerca de R$ 1,3 bilhão e praticamente tudo foi constituído quando José Pupin, um dos maiores produtores de algodão do país, e a sua esposa, Vera Lucia, exerciam a atividade como pessoa física.

Essa é a primeira vez que o STJ se manifesta sobre o tema. E o julgamento na 4a Turma era muito esperado pelo setor do agronegócio. Uma decisão contrária aos produtores, segundo especialistas, poderia levar à falência a maioria dos que estão em processo de recuperação. Isso porque a maior parte das dívidas, afirmam, são anteriores ao registro na Junta – assim como ocorre com o Grupo JPupin.

A questão é importante. De acordo com o IBGE, em 2017 apenas 97,5 mil de um total de 5 milhões de produtores rurais no país tinham CNPJ.

Isso se deve ao fato de o Código Civil, no artigo 971, não obrigar a inscrição no registro público de empresas. Embora a Lei de Recuperação Judicial e Falências (no 11.101, de 2005) não trate dessa peculiaridade, há uma regra geral: estão aptas ao processo as empresas com, no mínimo, dois anos de inscrição.

Source: Joice Bacelo via Valor Econômico.

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